// interactive learning module v2

How the internet
finds things

A complete deep dive into DNS — the invisible infrastructure that translates every human-readable name into a machine address. Every section has a live AI tutor you can ask anything.

⚡ Add your Anthropic API key to unlock live AI tutoring in every section
01 — Architecture

The six layers of DNS

Every DNS lookup traverses a hierarchy of layers — from your own device's memory all the way to servers running since the 1980s. Click any layer to explore it.

← select a layer above
AI tutor — Architecture ask anything about DNS layers
02 — Lookup simulator

Simulate a DNS lookup

Type any domain and watch the full resolution journey play out step by step, with realistic timing and each hop explained.

// press resolve to simulate a full DNS lookup
AI tutor — Lookup & Resolution dig into how lookups actually work
03 — DNS cache

How the cache works

Before any network request goes out, your system checks a cascade of caches. Step through to see what happens at each stage — and learn how to flush each one.

Flush commands by platform
AI tutor — DNS Caching & TTL ask about caching, TTL, propagation
04 — Record types

DNS record types

The authoritative nameserver stores key-value pairs called records. Each type serves a distinct purpose. Click any record to see what it does and what it looks like in the wild.

AI tutor — DNS Records ask about any record type
05 — Decentralised DNS

The centralisation problem

Traditional DNS has central points of control — ICANN governs the root zone, registrars can be pressured by governments, domains can be seized. What does a decentralised alternative look like?

Traditional DNS

ICANN controls the root — single point of authority
Registrars can be legally compelled to seize domains
Governments can block at the resolver level
Fast, globally distributed, works in every browser
Paid annual registration fees

Decentralised DNS

Blockchain as source of truth — no central authority
Ownership tied to private key — cryptographically uncensorable
No government or registrar can revoke your domain
Requires browser extension or special resolver
Not natively supported by mainstream browsers
The main projects
AI tutor — Decentralised DNS explore the future of naming